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Spring MVC3入门教程,springmvc3入门教程,Spring MVC3入

来源: javaer 分享于  点击 37197 次 点评:134

Spring MVC3入门教程,springmvc3入门教程,Spring MVC3入


Spring MVC3入门教程

Java的WEB框架中,Struts2应该是最著名的,不过最近试了试Spring3 MVC,感觉好爽啊,像ASP.Net MVC3一样舒服,以后就用它了。简单记录一下过程,没有技术含量。

1、准备包

下载的是spring framework 3.2.0,从中抽取以下jar到工程的WEB-INF/lib下:

spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar spring-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar spring-expression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar spring-web-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar spring-webmvc-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

另外还需要几个第三方jar包,记录日志和处理json:

commons-logging-1.1.1.jar jackson-core-als-1.9.11.jar jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.11.jar

2、WEB-INF/web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">     <!--站点名-->     <display-name>mvc</display-name>     <!--指定spring配置文件-->     <context-param>         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>         <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>     </context-param>     <listener>              <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>          </listener>      <servlet>         <!--servlet名字,随意-->         <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>              <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>              <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>          </servlet>          <servlet-mapping>         <!--servlet名字-->         <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>            <!--拦截所有请求,对静态文件会有问题,在spring-servlet.xml中解决-->         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>          </servlet-mapping>      <welcome-file-list>         <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>         <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>     </welcome-file-list> </web-app> 

3、WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">      <!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能,注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射-->      <mvc:annotation-driven />      <!-- 启动包扫描功能,以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean -->      <context:component-scan base-package="com.test.mvc.web" />      <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析,在WEB-INF/jsp目录下找对应的jsp文件 -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp" />     <!--放过/scripts下的静态文件-->     <mvc:resources mapping="/scripts/**" location="/scripts/" /> </beans> 

4、WEB-INF/applicationContext.xmlspring的配置文件,由于我们不使用它的其它功能,暂时放个空的就好了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans      xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/util             http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd"> </beans> 

5、写Controller

package com.test.mvc.web; import org.springframework.stereotype.*; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import org.springframework.web.servlet.*; /**  * 控制器,用Controller注解  */ @Controller public class HomeController {     /**      * 映射到/welcome      */     @RequestMapping(value = "/welcome")     public ModelAndView welcome(){          ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("welcome");     //使用welcome.jsp,如果不写,根据url默认也是welcome.jsp          mv.addObject("hello", "Hello");    //model中增加一个名为hello的字符串          Client client = new Client();          client.setName("User");          mv.addObject("client", client);    //再增加一个名为client的自定义对象          return mv;     }     /**      * 如果不需要Model,直接返String更简单,对应的view为login_page.jsp      */     @RequestMapping(value = "/login")     public String login(){         return "login_page";     }     /**      * 一个返回json的方法,用ResponseBody标识      * 可以在url中定义参数中,实现RESTful真是太简单了      * 传参很灵活,可以从url中取,也可以定义普通的      */     @RequestMapping(value="/client/{name}", method = RequestMethod.GET)     @ResponseBody     public Client getClient(@PathVariable String name, String title){         Client client = new Client();         client.setName(title+ " " + name);         return client;     } } 

里面用到了Client,很简单的POJO:

package com.test.mvc.web; /**  * 自定义一个POJO  */ public class Client {     private String name;     public String getName() {         return name;     }     public void setName(String name) {         this.name = name;     } } 

6、写视图

根据spring-servlet.xml中的配置,视图要放到WEB-INF/jsp下,新建welcome.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Spring MVC</title> <script src="scripts/jquery-1.4.2.js"></script> <script> $(function(){     $("#btnGet").click(function(){         $.ajax({             type: 'GET',             url : 'client/Tian',   //通过url传递name参数            dataType : 'json',             data: {title: "Mr"},   //通过data传递title参数            success : function(data) {                 alert(data.name);               },             error : function(data) {                   alert(data.responseText);             }           });      }); }); </script> </head> <body> ${hello} ${client.name} <br/> <input id="btnGet" type="button" value="get client" /> </body> </html> 

一切就绪,把Tomcat跑起来吧,用浏览器访问 localhost:8080/mvc/welcome 就能看到页面了。

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