【websocket】spring boot 集成 websocket 的四种方式，springsocket
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【websocket】spring boot 集成 websocket 的四种方式，springsocket
集成 websocket 的四种方案
1. 原生注解
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>WebSocketConfig
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WebSocketConfig.java, v 0.1 2019-10-18 15:45 buhao
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocket
public class WebSocketConfig {
@Bean
public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpoint() {
return new ServerEndpointExporter();
}
}说明：
这个配置类很简单，通过这个配置 spring boot 才能去扫描后面的关于 websocket 的注解
WsServerEndpoint
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.ws;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.websocket.OnClose;
import javax.websocket.OnMessage;
import javax.websocket.OnOpen;
import javax.websocket.Session;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WsServerEndpoint.java, v 0.1 2019-10-18 16:06 buhao
*/
@ServerEndpoint("/myWs")
@Component
public class WsServerEndpoint {
/**
* 连接成功
*
* @param session
*/
@OnOpen
public void onOpen(Session session) {
System.out.println("连接成功");
}
/**
* 连接关闭
*
* @param session
*/
@OnClose
public void onClose(Session session) {
System.out.println("连接关闭");
}
/**
* 接收到消息
*
* @param text
*/
@OnMessage
public String onMsg(String text) throws IOException {
return "servet 发送：" + text;
}
}说明
这里有几个注解需要注意一下，首先是他们的包都在 javax.websocket 下。并不是 spring 提供的，而 jdk 自带的，下面是他们的具体作用。
另外一点就是服务端如何发送消息给客户端，服务端发送消息必须通过上面说的 Session 类，通常是在@OnOpen 方法中，当连接成功后把 session 存入 Map 的 value，key 是与 session 对应的用户标识，当要发送的时候通过 key 获得 session 再发送，这里可以通过 **session.getBasicRemote_().sendText(_)** 来对客户端发送消息。
2. Spring封装
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>HttpAuthHandler
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.handler;
import cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.config.WsSessionManager;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.socket.CloseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.TextWebSocketHandler;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version MyWSHandler.java, v 0.1 2019-10-17 17:10 buhao
*/
@Component
public class HttpAuthHandler extends TextWebSocketHandler {
/**
* socket 建立成功事件
*
* @param session
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {
Object token = session.getAttributes().get("token");
if (token != null) {
// 用户连接成功，放入在线用户缓存
WsSessionManager.add(token.toString(), session);
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("用户登录已经失效!");
}
}
/**
* 接收消息事件
*
* @param session
* @param message
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
protected void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {
// 获得客户端传来的消息
String payload = message.getPayload();
Object token = session.getAttributes().get("token");
System.out.println("server 接收到 " + token + " 发送的 " + payload);
session.sendMessage(new TextMessage("server 发送给 " + token + " 消息 " + payload + " " + LocalDateTime.now().toString()));
}
/**
* socket 断开连接时
*
* @param session
* @param status
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus status) throws Exception {
Object token = session.getAttributes().get("token");
if (token != null) {
// 用户退出，移除缓存
WsSessionManager.remove(token.toString());
}
}
}说明
通过继承 TextWebSocketHandler 类并覆盖相应方法，可以对 websocket 的事件进行处理，这里可以同原生注解的那几个注解连起来看
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.config;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WsSessionManager.java, v 0.1 2019-10-22 10:24 buhao
*/
@Slf4j
public class WsSessionManager {
/**
* 保存连接 session 的地方
*/
private static ConcurrentHashMap<String, WebSocketSession> SESSION_POOL = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
/**
* 添加 session
*
* @param key
*/
public static void add(String key, WebSocketSession session) {
// 添加 session
SESSION_POOL.put(key, session);
}
/**
* 删除 session,会返回删除的 session
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public static WebSocketSession remove(String key) {
// 删除 session
return SESSION_POOL.remove(key);
}
/**
* 删除并同步关闭连接
*
* @param key
*/
public static void removeAndClose(String key) {
WebSocketSession session = remove(key);
if (session != null) {
try {
// 关闭连接
session.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// todo: 关闭出现异常处理
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 获得 session
*
* @param key
* @return
*/
public static WebSocketSession get(String key) {
// 获得 session
return SESSION_POOL.get(key);
}
}说明
这里简单通过 ConcurrentHashMap 来实现了一个 session 池，用来保存已经登录的 web socket 的 session。前文提过，服务端发送消息给客户端必须要通过这个 session。
MyInterceptor
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.interceptor;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import cn.hutool.http.HttpUtil;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.HandshakeInterceptor;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version MyInterceptor.java, v 0.1 2019-10-17 19:21 buhao
*/
@Component
public class MyInterceptor implements HandshakeInterceptor {
/**
* 握手前
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @param wsHandler
* @param attributes
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public boolean beforeHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler, Map<String, Object> attributes) throws Exception {
System.out.println("握手开始");
// 获得请求参数
HashMap<String, String> paramMap = HttpUtil.decodeParamMap(request.getURI().getQuery(), "utf-8");
String uid = paramMap.get("token");
if (StrUtil.isNotBlank(uid)) {
// 放入属性域
attributes.put("token", uid);
System.out.println("用户 token " + uid + " 握手成功！");
return true;
}
System.out.println("用户登录已失效");
return false;
}
/**
* 握手后
*
* @param request
* @param response
* @param wsHandler
* @param exception
*/
@Override
public void afterHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler, Exception exception) {
System.out.println("握手完成");
}
}说明
通过实现 HandshakeInterceptor 接口来定义握手拦截器，注意这里与上面 Handler 的事件是不同的，这里是建立握手时的事件，分为握手前与握手后，而 Handler 的事件是在握手成功后的基础上建立 socket 的连接。所以在如果把认证放在这个步骤相对来说最节省服务器资源。它主要有两个方法 beforeHandshake 与 afterHandshake ，顾名思义一个在握手前触发，一个在握手后触发。
WebSocketConfig
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.config;
import cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.handler.HttpAuthHandler;
import cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.interceptor.MyInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WebSocketConfig.java, v 0.1 2019-10-17 15:43 buhao
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocket
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {
@Autowired
private HttpAuthHandler httpAuthHandler;
@Autowired
private MyInterceptor myInterceptor;
@Override
public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry
.addHandler(httpAuthHandler, "myWS")
.addInterceptors(myInterceptor)
.setAllowedOrigins("*");
}
}说明
通过实现 WebSocketConfigurer 类并覆盖相应的方法进行 websocket 的配置。我们主要覆盖 registerWebSocketHandlers 这个方法。通过向 WebSocketHandlerRegistry 设置不同参数来进行配置。其中 addHandler 方法添加我们上面的写的 ws 的 handler 处理类，第二个参数是你暴露出的 ws 路径。addInterceptors 添加我们写的握手过滤器。**setAllowedOrigins("*") **这个是关闭跨域校验，方便本地调试，线上推荐打开。
3. TIO
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.t-io</groupId>
<artifactId>tio-websocket-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.5.5.v20191010-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>application.xml
tio:
websocket:
server:
port: 8989说明
这里只配置了 ws 的启动端口，还有很多配置，可以通过结尾给的链接去寻找
MyHandler
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.handler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.tio.core.ChannelContext;
import org.tio.http.common.HttpRequest;
import org.tio.http.common.HttpResponse;
import org.tio.websocket.common.WsRequest;
import org.tio.websocket.server.handler.IWsMsgHandler;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version MyHandler.java, v 0.1 2019-10-21 14:39 buhao
*/
@Component
public class MyHandler implements IWsMsgHandler {
/**
* 握手
*
* @param httpRequest
* @param httpResponse
* @param channelContext
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public HttpResponse handshake(HttpRequest httpRequest, HttpResponse httpResponse, ChannelContext channelContext) throws Exception {
return httpResponse;
}
/**
* 握手成功
*
* @param httpRequest
* @param httpResponse
* @param channelContext
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void onAfterHandshaked(HttpRequest httpRequest, HttpResponse httpResponse, ChannelContext channelContext) throws Exception {
System.out.println("握手成功");
}
/**
* 接收二进制文件
*
* @param wsRequest
* @param bytes
* @param channelContext
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public Object onBytes(WsRequest wsRequest, byte[] bytes, ChannelContext channelContext) throws Exception {
return null;
}
/**
* 断开连接
*
* @param wsRequest
* @param bytes
* @param channelContext
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public Object onClose(WsRequest wsRequest, byte[] bytes, ChannelContext channelContext) throws Exception {
System.out.println("关闭连接");
return null;
}
/**
* 接收消息
*
* @param wsRequest
* @param s
* @param channelContext
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public Object onText(WsRequest wsRequest, String s, ChannelContext channelContext) throws Exception {
System.out.println("接收文本消息:" + s);
return "success";
}
}说明
这个同上个例子中的 handler 很像，也是通过实现接口覆盖方法来进行事件处理，实现的接口是IWsMsgHandler，它的方法功能如下
StudyWebsocketExampleApplication
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.tio.websocket.starter.EnableTioWebSocketServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableTioWebSocketServer
public class StudyWebsocketExampleApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(StudyWebsocketExampleApplication.class, args);
}
}
说明
这个类的名称不重要，它其实是你的 spring boot 启动类，只要记得加上@EnableTioWebSocketServer注解就可以了
STOMP
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>WebSocketConfig
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WebSocketConfig.java, v 0.1 2019-10-21 16:32 buhao
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
@Override
public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
// 配置客户端尝试连接地址
registry.addEndpoint("/ws").setAllowedOrigins("*").withSockJS();
}
@Override
public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
// 设置广播节点
registry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic", "/user");
// 客户端向服务端发送消息需有/app 前缀
registry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");
// 指定用户发送（一对一）的前缀 /user/
registry.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user/");
}
}说明
/*
* *
* * blog.coder4j.cn
* * Copyright (C) 2016-2019 All Rights Reserved.
*
*/
package cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.controller;
import cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.model.RequestMessage;
import cn.coder4j.study.example.websocket.model.ResponseMessage;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
/**
* @author buhao
* @version WSController.java, v 0.1 2019-10-21 17:22 buhao
*/
@Controller
public class WSController {
@Autowired
private SimpMessagingTemplate simpMessagingTemplate;
@MessageMapping("/hello")
@SendTo("/topic/hello")
public ResponseMessage hello(RequestMessage requestMessage) {
System.out.println("接收消息：" + requestMessage);
return new ResponseMessage("服务端接收到你发的：" + requestMessage);
}
@GetMapping("/sendMsgByUser")
public @ResponseBody
Object sendMsgByUser(String token, String msg) {
simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(token, "/msg", msg);
return "success";
}
@GetMapping("/sendMsgByAll")
public @ResponseBody
Object sendMsgByAll(String msg) {
simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend("/topic", msg);
return "success";
}
@GetMapping("/test")
public String test() {
return "test-stomp.html";
}
}说明
写完服务端代码后想调试，但是不会前端代码怎么办，点这里，这是一个在线的 websocket 客户端，功能完全够我们调试了。
这个没找到在线版的，但是网上有很多 demo 可以下载到本地进行调试，也可以通过后文的连接找到。
参考链接
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